Alcohol and glucose control
Why alcohol can cause delayed hypoglycemia in diabetics on insulin, the carbohydrate content of common drinks, and the case for abstention vs moderation.
Alcohol’s effect on diabetes is double-edged: short-term blood-sugar lowering (sometimes dangerously so), plus carbohydrate content that varies wildly by drink.
The hypo risk
Alcohol inhibits the liver’s ability to release stored glucose. In a diabetic on insulin or sulfonylureas, this can cause hypoglycemia 6-12 hours after drinking — often overnight. The signs can be missed during sleep.
Carbohydrate content
Beer: 10-15g carbs per 350ml. Wine: 3-5g per 150ml. Spirits: ~0g (but mixers add a lot). Cocktails: highly variable, often very high.
Rules if you choose to drink
- Never on an empty stomach
- Test blood sugar before bed
- Limit to 1 drink (women) or 2 (men) per day
- Tell your doctor